| Thesis Name：Partial order in the non-Fermi-liquid phase of MnSi. |
| Country：[CN] |
Usage：[Partial order] |
| Remarks： |
Evidence for novel metallic phases in MnSi is reported.
Neutron diffraction measurements show that significant quasi-static magnetic moments exist into the non-Fermi liquid phase of MnSi.
The moments are organized with partial long-range order. These observations make MnSi a unique material. |
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| Thesis Name：Self-assembly of mesoscopic metal-polymer amphiphiles. |
| Country：[CN] |
Usage：[A rod of gold] |
| Remarks： |
Rod-like building blocks with gold and polymer block domains have been investigated. The metal-polymer rods were prepared by electrodeposition of gold into porous aluminium templates with subsequent electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole.
The rods were released from the template by dissolving it with sodium hydroxide, the rods were then centrifuged and rinsed. The resulting structures were characterized by SEM and optical microscopy.
The architecture of the structures can be tailored by tuning the composition of the rod structures and and the ratio of the blocks that comprise them. In this way mesoscopic amphiphiles consisting of bundles, tubes and sheets were formed. |
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| Thesis Name：Transesterification of soybean oil with zeolite and metal catalysts |
| Country：[CN] |
Usage：[Catalysts for transesterification] |
| Remarks： |
Transesterification of soybean oil with methanol was carried out at 60, 120, and 150 °C in the presence of a series NaX faujasite zeolite, ETS-10 zeolite, and metal catalysts.
The ETS-10 catalysts provided higher conversions than the Zeolite-X type catalysts. The metal catalysts increased conversion by one to over two orders of magnitude over the homogeneous reaction with several of the zeolite catalysts performing better than the metal catalysts. The catalyst was reused without observed loss of activity.
A preliminary design assessment shows that these catalysts are sufficiently active to be commercially viable contingent upon the costs of the catalysts achieving conversions in excess of 90% at temperatures below 125 °C. |
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| Thesis Name：Single-crystal CdSe nanosaws. |
| Country：[CN] |
Usage：[Nanosaws] |
| Remarks： |
CdSe nanostructures were synthesized via thermal evaporation in a tube furnace. As a catalyst, single-crystal silicon substrates, dispersed with gold particles were used.
The dominant morphology of the as-grown sample was the 'saw' shaped nanoribbon with less dominant nanobelts also formed. The nanosaw is formed via a two-step growth process. In the first step a nanoribbon guided by the gold catalyst follows a vapour-liquid-solid growth process. In the second step the teeth form as a result of self-catalyzed growth.
UV photoluminescence was used to characterize the optical properties of CdSe, a peak was observed at 712 nm with the nanosaw. A 23 nm shift from that observed with CdSe powders (735 nm). |
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| Thesis Name：Thalidomide analogues demonstrate dual inhibition of both angiogenesis and prostate cancer. |
| Country：[CN] |
Usage：[Fighting cancer] |
| Remarks： |
The discovery of a series of thalidomide analogues possessing inhibitory effects against both endothelial and prostate cancer cells is described.
More specifically, several analogues exhibited low micromolar to mid-nanomolar potency in the inhibition of human microvascular endothelial cell (HMEC) proliferation, both in the presence and absence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with the tetrafluorophthalimido class of compounds demonstrating the greatest potency. Additionally, all the compounds were screened against two different androgen independent prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3 and DU-145).
Thalidomide was found to demonstrate selective inhibition of androgen receptor positive LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, we showed that, as an example, tetrafluorophthalimido analogue 19 was able to completely inhibit the prostate specific antigen (PSA) secretion by the LNCaP cell line, while thalidomide demonstrated a 70% inhibition.
Altogether, the study suggests that these analogues may serve as promising leads for the development of agents that target both androgen dependent and independent prostate cancer and blood vessel growth.
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| Thesis Name：Desulfurization of Diesel Fuels by Adsorption via -Complexation with Vapor-Phase Exchanged Cu(I)-Y Zeolites |
| Country：[CN] |
Usage：[Desulfurization of diesel fuels] |
| Remarks： |
Desulfurization of a commercial diesel fuel by vapor-phase ion exchange (VPIE) copper(I) faujasite zeolites was studied in a fixed-bed adsorber operated at ambient temperature and pressure. The zeolite adsorbed approximately five thiophenic molecules per unit cell. After treating 18 cm3 of fuel, the cumulative average sulfur concentration detected was 0.032 ppmw-S. GC-FPD results showed that the -complexation sorbents selectively adsorbed highly substituted thiophenes, benzothiophenes, and dibenzothiophenes from diesel, which is not possible by using conventional hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reactors. The high sulfur selectivity and high sulfur capacity of the VPIE Cu(II)-zeolites were due to -complexation. |
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| Thesis Name：Concise total synthesis of (+)-carpamic acid |
| Country：[CN] |
Usage：[Synthesis of (+)-carpamic acid] |
| Remarks： |
An enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-carpamic acid is reported. This concise synthesis is based on a novel concept of a selective cross-metathesis reaction with a subsequent diastereoselective cyclizing reductive amination.
We report herein an efficient enantioselective synthesis of (+)-carpamic acid, with nine steps as the longest linear sequence, the key strategy being based on a novel sequence of a cross-metathesis (CM) reaction and a subsequent cyclizing reductive amination to form the piperidine ring.
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| Thesis Name：Feasibility of diamond-like carbon coatings for orthopaedic applications |
| Country：[CN] |
Usage：[Biocompatibility of DLC coatings] |
| Remarks： |
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings were prepared, by filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique, on Co–Cr–Mo alloy to investigate the tribological behaviour of uncoated and DLC coated Co–Cr–Mo sliding against similar counter-faces. The tribological evaluation in simulated body fluid reveals that the friction and wear rate of DLC coated Co–Cr–Mo sliding pair is significantly lower compared to that of the uncoated Co–Cr–Mo sliding pair. A comparison on the performance of the above discloses the possibility of DLC coated Co–Cr–Mo alloy for orthopaedic applications. The evaluation of surface hardness using nano-indenter reveals that the DLC coated Co–Cr–Mo alloy is much harder (~3 times) than that of the uncoated. In addition a preliminary study has also been carried out, on the uncoated and DLC coated Co–Cr–Mo alloy samples, to examine the biocompatibility (cytotoxicity evaluation to look at the cell morphology and cell viability) of the DLC coated sample with respect to that of the uncoated sample. The study reveals that the DLC coating is little more biocompatible, but cell adhesion is slightly lower than that of uncoated Co–Cr–Mo sample.
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| Thesis Name：Mesoporous silicates prepared using preorganized templates in supercritical fluids. |
| Country：[CN] |
Usage：[Mesoporous silicates] |
| Remarks： |
Well-ordered mesoporous silicate films were prepared by infusion and selective condensation of silicon alkoxides within microphase-separated block copolymer templates dilated with supercritical carbon dioxide. Confinement of metal oxide deposition to specific subdomains of the preorganized template yields high-fidelity, three-dimensional replication of the copolymer morphology, enabling the preparation of structures with multiscale order in a process that closely resembles biomineralization. Ordered mesoporous silicate films were synthesized with dielectric constants as low as 1.8 and excellent mechanical properties. The films survive the chemical-mechanical polishing step required for device manufacturing. |
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| Thesis Name：Reburial of fossil organic carbon in marine sediments |
| Country：[CN] |
Usage：[Aging carbon] |
| Remarks： |
Marine sediments act as the ultimate sink for organic carbon, sequestering otherwise rapidly cycling carbon for geologic timescales. Sedimentary organic carbon burial appears to be controlled by oxygen exposure time in situ, and much research has focused on understanding the mechanisms of preservation of organic carbon. In this context, combustion-derived black carbon has received attention as a form of refractory organic carbon that may be preferentially preserved in soils and sediments. However, little is understood about the environmental roles, transport and distribution of black carbon. Here we apply isotopic analyses to graphitic black carbon samples isolated from pre-industrial marine and terrestrial sediments. We find that this material is terrestrially derived and almost entirely depleted of radiocarbon, suggesting that it is graphite weathered from rocks, rather than a combustion product. The widespread presence of fossil graphitic black carbon in sediments has therefore probably led to significant overestimates of burial of combustion-derived black carbon in marine sediments. It could be responsible for biasing radiocarbon dating of sedimentary organic carbon, and also reveals a closed loop in the carbon cycle. Depending on its susceptibility to oxidation, this recycled carbon may be locked away from the biologically mediated carbon cycle for many geologic cycles.
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