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| Research Domain：Control and systems theory, Systems biology,Product engineering, Process design and operations. |
Country：[CN] |
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" Our research efforts are organized around the general theme of first understanding the dynamic behavior of complex systems through mathematical modeling and analysis, and then exploiting this understanding for novel designs and improved operation. The particular complex systems of interest range from polymer reactors, particulate processes and extruders, to biological systems on the cellular, tissue, and organ levels. When sufficient fundamental knowledge is available, we develop and employ dynamic “mechanistic” models; when more data is available than fundamental knowledge, we apply probability theory and statistics for efficient data acquisition and “empirical” model development. Our research group has three main areas of focus: 1. Control and systems theory, where we are concerned with the development of effective control techniques, with application to industrial polymer reactors, distillation columns, particulate processes, and reactive extrusion processes; we are also interested in reverse engineering biological control systems for process applications. 2. Systems biology, where we bring principles of control and systems theory as well as probabilistic/statistical techniques to bear on the analysis of biological processes. We are developing models, tools and techniques to study biological systems across various levels of granularity—from the molecular level where mechanistic details at the genetic and protein levels are studied, to the cellular, tissue, organ and physiological system level. The goals of our systems biology efforts are to be able to understand, analyze and predict integrated biological systems function with sufficient fidelity for potential practical medical and pharmaceutical applications. 3. Product engineering, Process design and operations, where we employ both stochastic and deterministic techniques for engineering desired characteristics into products, and subsequently for developing inherently robust processes to manufacture these products to meet customer demands consistently in the face of unavoidable process and raw material variations. " |
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| Research Domain：Organic and Physical Chemistry |
Country：[CN] |
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Principal Research Interests
Our research is directed towards understanding how molecules react and the factors that determine the rates and products of chemical reactions. The principal areas of research involve the spectroscopy, photochemistry, reaction dynamics, and reaction mechanisms of ions in the gas phase.
The primary experimental technique used in our research is Ion Cyclotron Resonance (ICR) spectroscopy. We have assembled continuous wave, pulsed, and Fourier-transform instruments. These are coupled with a variety of light sources, including conventional arc lamp/monochromator, argon ion/dye laser/Ti-Sapphire laser, cw CO2 infrared laser, and pulsed TEA CO2 infrared lasers.
Among our current projects are attempts to understand the basis of gas-phase ion reaction dynamics. In particular, we are developing statistical and other models for reaction rates. We make use of the analysis of potential surfaces, for example, to define and characterize nucleophilicity in negative ion reactions without solvent. We are attempting to understand the nature of steric effects and hydrogen bonding and the effects of solvent on these phenomena. We make use of multiple photon infrared absorption to activate reactants or possible intermediates in reactions and observe their unimolecular decomposition.
Finally, we use visible photons to effect detachment of electrons from negative ions. By studying the details of the electron photodetachment process (onsets, threshold shapes, resonances, fine structure, etc.) we learn about electron affinities, electronic structure in ions, excited electronic states in ions, and vibrational structure and spin orbit splitting (or triplet-singlet splitting) in the final state neutrals. |
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| Research Domain：Physical & Biophysical Chemistry; Bio-nanotechnolo |
Country：[CN] |
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Principal Research Interests
My laboratory investigates the structure and function of biological systems using many tools and methods, always with a strong physical perspective. Three interconnected themes are being pursued.
First, we have a long-standing interest in the mechanism of light-driven long-distance electron transfer in photosynthetic reaction centers, one of the fastest known reactions. This is being studied by femtosecond fluorescence and transient absorption spectroscopy, manipulation in electric fields, site-specific mutagenesis and some novel types of Stark spectroscopy we have developed and applied to many types of molecules. Related methods are also being used to probe excited state dynamics and electronic structure in variants of green fluorescent protein (GFP), widely used in cell biology.
Second, we are broadly interested in electrostatics in proteins and how electrostatics affects function. Our current work uses probes whose sensitivity to electric fields can be calibrated by Stark spectroscopy. Vibrational Stark experiments are particularly useful as they provide a calibration for mapping electrostatic fields in proteins. Probes have also been developed that can measure the time-dependent solvation of charges at different positions in proteins, a key aspect of protein-protein and protein-ligand interactions and catalysis. These approaches are also being used to investigate photosynthetic reaction centers and GFP.
Third, we use supported lipid bilayers as mimics for cell surfaces and as tools in biotechnology. A broad vision is to engineer interfaces between hard surfaces and soft materials, ultimately leading to sophisticated biocompatible interfaces that can be used to control, interrogate or organize complex living systems. We have developed methods for partitioning and manipulating the composition and organization of these unique self-assembled systems. Recent work addresses the formation of domains and protein association with these domains, interactions of DNA, proteins and cells with supported bilayers, and the mechanism of vesicle fusion, both to solid supports and mediated by proteins. This work has motivated the development of advanced optical microscopy methods for probing the interface between membranes on solid supports and cell membranes, potentially with nm vertical resolution. A novel type of imaging mass spectrometry is being applied to characterize the lateral organization and composition of bilayers and associated membranes with 50 nm resolution. |
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| Research Domain：traditional statistical mechanical theory and molecular dynamics computer simulation methods to study systems of chemical and physical interest. |
Country：[CN] |
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Principal Research Interests
Our research program uses both traditional statistical mechanical theory and molecular dynamics computer simulation methods to study systems of chemical and physical interest. A major activity in the group at this time is the study of relaxation in low temperature liquids, with the aim of understanding the properties of supercooled liquids and the nature of the glass transition. We do computer simulation studies of the molecular motion and relaxation in simple models of liquids as well as studies of simpler Ising models that can display complex relaxation behavior. We develop analytical kinetic theories to describe the same types of systems. A particularly useful approach we are developing is that of constructing theories of spin systems, of more realistic models of atomic and molecular liquids, and of models of polymeric liquids, that have a similar formal structure. The simpler systems can be studied in great detail, and insights about theoretical techniques and approximations that work for the simple systems can then be applied to clarify the analysis of the more realistic and complex models. The other characteristic of our work is the use of computer simulation results to provide critical tests of analytical theory.
Other topics of recent interest are molecular dynamics simulations to study melting in two dimensional liquids, the development of path integral techniques for the study of quantum systems, the development and extension of a quantum transition state theory for chemical reaction rate constants, and the development of a computer simulation method for the calculation of the chemical potential of liquids and solids.
Representative Publications
1 “A diagrammatic theory of time correlation functions of facilitated kinetic Ising models,” S.J. Pitts and H.C. Andersen, Journal of Chemical Physics, 114, 1101 (2001).
2 “Facilitated Spin Models, Mode Coupling Theory, and Ergodic-Nonergodic Transitions,” S.J. Pitts, T. Young, and H.C. Andersen, Journal of Chemical Physics, 113, 8671 (2000).
3 “Functional and Graphical Methods for Classical Statistical Dynamics. I. A Formulation of the Martin-Siggia-Rose Method,” H.C. Andersen, J. Math. Phys., 41, 1979 (2000).
4 “Observation of a Two Stage Melting Transition in Two Dimensions,” K. Bagchi, H.C. Andersen, and W. Swope, Phys. Rev., E53, 3794 (1996).
5 “Testing Mode-Coupling Theory for a Supercooled Binary Lennard-Jones Mixture: Intermediate Scattering Function and Dynamic Susceptibility,” W. Kob and H.C. Andersen, Phys. Rev., E52, 4134 (1995). |
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| Research Domain：organic chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry. |
Country：[CN] |
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Jiang has been engaged in the research on organic chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry. He paid great attention to the relationship between specific phenomena and the entire phenomenon in his research work. He stressed the relation between the structures of drugs and pharmacology in his early work of pharmaceutical chemistry. In the 1950s, he began to study the quantitative relationship between the structures of organic compounds and their properties. In 1962, he proposed that the "index of inductive effect"may be used for the property prediction of nonconjugated organic compounds and this was widely accepted. In 1977, he put forward the "linear law of homologous series" which could be used for the quantitative calculation and prediction of the relationship between the properties and structures of all homologous series of organic compounds. |
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| Research Domain：chemistry of natural products for pharmaceutical application, organic analysis, structural identification of organic compounds. |
Country：[CN] |
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Jiang has been engaged in the studies of chemistry of natural products for pharmaceutical application, organic analysis, structural identification of organic compounds and elementary organic chemistry. At the end of 1970s, she initiated research on photobiology in China . Around 1980, right after the first discovery and application of hypocerllins clinically as a phototherapeutic agent for the treatment of certain skin diseases and cancers, she and her colleagues kept on the studies of the mechanism of phototherapeutic effects of hypocerllins. She has made progress on the study of the structures and light energy transfers among the phycobiliproteins of marine algae. She published a number of monographs such as "Chemistry and Phototherapeutic Mechanism of Hypocrellins" which won her a second prize of the Natural Science Award of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1990, and other publications on phycobiliproteins for which she was conferred another second prize of the Natural Science Award of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1993. |
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| Research Domain：inorganic analysis |
Country：[CN] |
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Liang has been engaged in the research on inorganic analysis for a long time. In 1939, he published his doctoral dissertation “Revision of Atomic Weight of Iron” and in the next year, the data were adopted by the International Commission of Atomic Weights. He studied the analytical method for sulfate, fluoride, tungsten, molybdenum, rare-earth elements and so on. He also studied analytical methods for unearthed bronze of Shang Dynasty (16th-11th century, BC) and methods for trace and micro-analysis. He won an award for his analytical work in the analysis of rare-earth elements in Baotou Baiyun iron ore. |
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| Research Domain：properties of polymer solution, chain structure of polymers, polymer physics, mechanical properties of polymers, and rheology |
Country：[CN] |
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Chemist. Born in Changshu , Jiangsu Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University in 1939. Research professor, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Since 1953, Qian has carried out research on the properties of polymer solution, chain structure of polymers, polymer physics, mechanical properties of polymers, and rheology and so on. He worked out more than 16 sorts of new and precision instruments and promoted the study of polymer physics. He carefully studied the inter relationship between the structures and properties and the processing of polymers, and creatively developed a method of molar mass distribution to suit the processing of polypropylene, which laid a good foundation for the development of polypropylene fiber industry in China. After the 1970s, he started the research on the conductivity of organic solids. His research interests also cover excimers and exciplexes, carrier transport process in organic solids, new type of organic conductors and conductive polymers.
He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980. |
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| Research Domain：analyze, control and exploit molecular interactions involving proteins and colloidal particles. |
Country：[CN] |
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The main goal of our research is to analyze, control and exploit molecular interactions involving proteins and colloidal particles. The motivation is initially to obtain improved quantitative insights into existing processes, leading to more effective methods for designing and using them, but an auxiliary objective is to develop new products and operations. These themes bring together a diverse collection of research activities, discussed below, involving theoretical and experimental work dealing with both the fundamentals -- transport, kinetic and thermodynamic phenomena -- and their interaction in the process environment. The path from molecular structure through continuum properties to process design represents the central paradigm in modern chemical engineering, but it has been applied much less extensively to species such as proteins than to small molecules; such processes as protein separations still depend very heavily on empirical methods for design and optimization. |
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| Research Domain：high-temperature gas cleaning, pollution control and solid waste management, gas separation and purification, and process design and development. |
Country：[CN] |
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"Utilization of Metal-Oxide-Containing Waste Materials for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization," R.B. Slimane and J. Abbasian. Fuel Processing Technology, March 2000.
"Regenerable Mixed Metal Oxide Sorbents for Coal Gas Desulfurization at Moderate Temperatures," R.B. Slimane and J. Abbasian. Advances in Environmental Research, Vol. 4, Issue 2, Aug. 2000, pp.147-162.
"Copper-Based Sorbents for Coal Gas Desulfurization at Moderate Temperatures," R.B. Slimane and J. Abbasian. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 39, No. 5, 2000, 1338-1344.
"A Regenerable Copper-Based Sorbent for H2S Removal from Coal Gases" J. Abbasian and R.B. Slimane, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 37, No. 7, 2775-2782, 1998.
"Copper-Based Sorbents for "Low" Temperature Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization," J. Abbasian and R. B. Slimane (in preparation for submission to Energy &Fuels). |
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